Spark SQL 的 LIKE 谓语

更新时间：2021-08-14 14:19:29 标签：sql spark like

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Spark SQL 的 LIKE 谓词用于搜索特定模式。这个谓词还支持多个模式，其中的量词包括ANY、SOME 和 ALL。

语法

Spark SQL 的 LIKE 谓语结构为：

[ NOT ] { LIKE search_pattern [ ESCAPE esc_char ] | [ RLIKE | REGEXP ] regex_pattern }

[ NOT ] { LIKE quantifiers ( search_pattern [ , ... ]) }

参数：

search_pattern：指定 LIKE 子句要搜索的字符串模式，它可以包含特殊的模式匹配字符：
- % 匹配零个或多个字符
- _ 只匹配一个字符
esc_char：指定转义字符。默认转义字符为 \。
regex_pattern：指定要由 RLIKE 或 REGEXP 子句搜索的正则表达式搜索模式。
quantifiers：指定谓词量词包括 ANY、SOME 和 ALL。如果其中一个模式与输入匹配，则返回true；ALL 表示如果所有模式都与输入匹配，则返回 true。

示例

以下是一些示例讲解：

CREATE TABLE person (id INT, name STRING, age INT);
INSERT INTO person VALUES
    (100, 'John', 30),
    (200, 'Mary', NULL),
    (300, 'Mike', 80),
    (400, 'Dan',  50),
    (500, 'Evan_w', 16);

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name LIKE 'M%';
+---+----+----+
| id|name| age|
+---+----+----+
|300|Mike|  80|
|200|Mary|null|
+---+----+----+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name LIKE 'M_ry';
+---+----+----+
| id|name| age|
+---+----+----+
|200|Mary|null|
+---+----+----+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name NOT LIKE 'M_ry';
+---+------+---+
| id|  name|age|
+---+------+---+
|500|Evan_W| 16|
|300|  Mike| 80|
|100|  John| 30|
|400|   Dan| 50|
+---+------+---+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name RLIKE 'M+';
+---+----+----+
| id|name| age|
+---+----+----+
|300|Mike|  80|
|200|Mary|null|
+---+----+----+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name REGEXP 'M+';
+---+----+----+
| id|name| age|
+---+----+----+
|300|Mike|  80|
|200|Mary|null|
+---+----+----+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name LIKE '%\_%';
+---+------+---+
| id|  name|age|
+---+------+---+
|500|Evan_W| 16|
+---+------+---+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name LIKE '%$_%' ESCAPE '$';
+---+------+---+
| id|  name|age|
+---+------+---+
|500|Evan_W| 16|
+---+------+---+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name LIKE ALL ('%an%', '%an');
+---+----+----+
| id|name| age|
+---+----+----+
|400| Dan|  50|
+---+----+----+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name LIKE ANY ('%an%', '%an');
+---+------+---+
| id|  name|age|
+---+------+---+
|400|   Dan| 50|
|500|Evan_W| 16|
+---+------+---+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name LIKE SOME ('%an%', '%an');
+---+------+---+
| id|  name|age|
+---+------+---+
|400|   Dan| 50|
|500|Evan_W| 16|
+---+------+---+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name NOT LIKE ALL ('%an%', '%an');
+---+----+----+
| id|name| age|
+---+----+----+
|100|John|  30|
|200|Mary|null|
|300|Mike|  80|
+---+----+----+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name NOT LIKE ANY ('%an%', '%an');
+---+------+----+
| id|  name| age|
+---+------+----+
|100|  John|  30|
|200|  Mary|null|
|300|  Mike|  80|
|500|Evan_W|  16|
+---+------+----+

SELECT * FROM person WHERE name NOT LIKE SOME ('%an%', '%an');
+---+------+----+
| id|  name| age|
+---+------+----+
|100|  John|  30|
|200|  Mary|null|
|300|  Mike|  80|
|500|Evan_W|  16|
+---+------+----+

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