Django ORM 的单独使用

说明

Django 教程正在计划编写中，欢迎大家加微信 gairuo123 提供意见、建议、纠错、催更。

本文的示例可以仅使用 Django 的 ORM，从而使用 Django 的强大功能，避免编写复杂的 SQL。

项目目录

文件目录如下：

django-orm/
├── db/
│   ├── __init__.py
│   └── models.py
├── main.py
├── manage.py
├── README.md
└── settings.py

使用

在本地计算机上为项目创建文件夹：

mkdir myproject
cd myproject

安装 Django、创建环境（略）。接下来同步数据库：

python manage.py makemigrations db
python manage.py migrate

运行项目：

python main.py

各文件内容

main.py

# Instatiate Django and import settings
import os
#mark django settings module as settings.py
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "settings")

#instantiate a web sv for django which is a wsgi
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()

#import your models schema
from MyApp.models import Person

#Create Operations here
data_dict={'name':'Nimish','age':23,email:'nimishverma@ymail.com'}
person = Person(**data_dict)
person.save()

# Read operation logic
person = Person.objects.get()

print(f'Hello, I am {person.name}, {person.age} y/o. Reachable at {person.email}')
#Prints Hello, I am Nimish, 23 y/o. Reachable at nimishverma@ymail.com

manage.py

import os, sys

if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "settings")

    from django.core.management import execute_from_command_line

    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

models.py

# MyApp/models.py

from django.db import models


class Person(models.Model):
    name = models.TextField()
    age = models.IntegerField(min_value=18, max_value=110)
    email = models.EmailField()

settings.py

import os

# This defines the base dir for all relative imports for our project, put the file in your root folder so the
# base_dir points to the root folder
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))

# According to your data file, you can change the engine, like mysql, postgresql, mongodb etc make sure your data is
# directly placed in the same folder as this file, if it is not, please direct the 'NAME' field to its actual path.
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

#Since we only have one app which we use
INSTALLED_APPS = (
    'MyApp',
)

# Write a random secret key here
SECRET_KEY = '4e&6aw+(5&cg^_!05r(&7_#dghg_pdgopq(yk)xa^bog7j)^*j'

参考

https://gist.github.com/NimishVerma/6489d6741bada2ec015433e822bf9bc6
https://github.com/dancaron/Django-ORM
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/topics/db/models/

更新时间：2023-01-05 17:53:58 标签：django orm 数据库